Obesity is a health condition in which a person’s body has too much fat tissue for it to function normally. Being obese increases one’s risk for a multitude of health complications and diseases, including several types of cancer.
There are a few leading theories about which obesity-related conditions can cause cancer. These include chronic inflammation, higher levels of hormones such as estrogen and leptin, and an excess of insulin and/or glucose in the blood — all of which result in disruption or changes to normal cells, which may lead to cancer.
Obesity has been linked to thirteen types of cancer with a stronger risk associated with breast, esophageal and endometrial cancers, among others. While many factors influence one’s cancer risk, maintaining a healthy body weight, or, losing weight if you are overweight or obese, is one way to help reduce that risk.
![Figure demonstrating parts of the body affected by cancer risk associated with obesity.](https://blog.dana-farber.org/insight/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/8794-Obesity-and-Cancer-Infographic-Vertical-2-765x1024.jpg)
If you are trying to lose weight, consult your physician to determine which dietary changes and exercise plans will work best for you. Dana-Farber nutritionists recommend the following tips to lose weight:
- Drink plenty of water throughout the day.
- Follow an eating schedule and don’t skip any meals or snacks to prevent overeating later.
- Fill up on nourishing, naturally low-calorie foods, such as fruits and veggies. The fiber will keep you full and help prevent overeating.
- Adjust your portions by using a smaller plate, which will make a smaller portion look bigger.
- Balance your plate by making at least half of your plate consist of vegetables and fruit. One quarter of your plate should be lean protein, and one quarter whole grains.
- Incorporate moderate exercise, if possible.
- Make sure you’re getting enough sleep.